Also known as the Battle of Bull Run. This battle occurred July 21, 1861. After the Union sucesses in Western Virginia, the North became impatient. The Confedertes were mainly concentrated at Manassas Junction, 27 miles west of Alexandria, under General Beauregard. Another large force under Gen. Joseph E. Johnson was within supporting distance in the Shenandoah Valley. The Union army under Gen. Irwin McDowell was at Alexandria, while General Patterson's army was in front of Johnston to prevent his junction with Beauregard. On the 16th the Union army advanced and came upon the Confederates on the morning of the 21st, between Bull Run and Manassas Junction. A general engagement ensued and at noon, the advantage was with the Union troops. At that time,Johnston, having eluded Patterson, arrived with 6,000 fresh trooops. The tide of victory turned and McDowell's army was routed. A panic ensued and soldiers, civilians and teamsters rushed back to Washington. The Union loss was 2,952 men. The Confederates lost 2,050. The Union finally realized that this was not going to be a short war and voted to raise 500,000 more men and $500,000,000 in money for the war that was doomed to continue.