Autism also called autistic disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests itself before the age of three years Children with autism are marked by impairments in social interaction, impairments in communication, and restricted and repetitive behaviour These three characteristics reflect Leo Kanner's first reports of autism emphasizing autistic aloneness and insistence on sameness Autism is one of the five pervasive developmental disorders PDD or autism spectrum disorders ASD which have no outward physical characteristics Diagnosis is typically based on a complete patient history and physical and neurological evaluation Estimates of prevalence vary widely Most recent reviews estimate a prevalence of 12 per 1,000 for autism and close to 6 per 1,000 for ASD The number of diagnosed autism cases has increased dramatically since the 1980s. Some of this increase is undoubtedly due to better diagnosis wider public awareness of the condition and changes in diagnostic criteria It is debatable whether prevalence has increased as well as it is hard to quantify estimates of diagnostic effects and nearly impossible to measure changes in risk profiles given how little is known about the disorder's underlying causes Some individuals with autism are opposed to attempts to find a cure for autism These people see autism as part of who they are and in some cases they perceive treatments and attempts of a cure to be unethical Asperger syndrome Autism is a brain development disorder that impairs social interaction and communication, and causes restricted and repetitive behaviour, all starting before a child is three years old. This set of signs distinguishes autism from milder autism spectrum disorders (ASD) such as Asperger syndrome. Autismo Normalmente i sintomi dell'autismo sono rilevabili entro il secondo/terzo anno di età e si manifestano con gravi alterazioni nelle aree della comunicazione verbale e non verbale, dell'interazione sociale e dell'immaginazione o repertorio di interessi.El autismo es un desorden del desarrollo del cerebro que comienza en los niños antes de los tres años de edad y que deteriora su comunicación e interacción social causando un comportamiento restringido y repetitivo. Puede clasificarse de diversas formas, como un desorden en el desarrollo neurológico o un desorden en el aparato psíquico.L'autisme infantile a été décrit pour la première fois en 1943 par Léo Kanner qui l'a isolé au sein des psychoses de l'enfant pour en faire une maladie à part entière. Aujourd'hui on décrit plusieurs formes d'autisme, et celui-ci n'est plus considéré comme une maladie mais comme un syndrome , soit un ensemble de signes cliniques qui peuvent relever de plusieurs étiologies et/ou de plusieurs mécanismes pathologiques.Autismus von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation als eine tiefgreifende Entwicklungsstörung klassifiziert, wird von Ärzten, Forschern, Angehörigen und Autisten selbst als eine angeborene, unheilbare Wahrnehmungs- und Informationsverarbeitungsstörung des Gehirns beschrieben, die sich bereits im frühen Kindesalter bemerkbar macht. Andere Forscher und Autisten beschreiben Autismus als angeborenen abweichenden Informationsverarbeitungsmodus, der sich durch Schwächen in sozialer Interaktion und Kommunikation sowie durch stereotype Verhaltensweisen und Stärken bei Wahrnehmung, Aufmerksamkeit, Gedächtnis und Intelligenz zeigt